aminopterin

{{chembox | Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 413853192 | ImageFile_Ref = | ImageFile = Aminopterin structural formula V2.svg | ImageClass = skin-invert-image | ImageSize = 300px | ImageFile1 = Aminopterin ball-and-stick.png | ImageClass1 = bg-transparent | ImageSize1 = 300px | IUPACName = N-(4-{[(2,4-Diaminopteridin-6-yl)methyl]amino}benzoyl)-L-glutamic acid | SystematicName = (2S)-2-(4-{[(2,4-Diaminopteridin-6-yl)methyl]amino}benzamido)pentanedioic acid | OtherNames = 4-Aminofolic acid4-Aminopteroylglutamic acidAminopterin sodiumAminopteroylglutamic acid | Section1 = | Section2 = }} Aminopterin (or 4-aminopteroic acid), the 4–amino derivative of folic acid, is an antineoplastic drug with immunosuppressive properties often used in chemotherapy. Aminopterin is a synthetic derivative of pterin. Aminopterin works as an enzyme inhibitor by competing for the folate binding site of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. Its binding affinity for dihydrofolate reductase effectively blocks tetrahydrofolate synthesis. This results in the depletion of nucleotide precursors and inhibition of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis.

It is classified as an extremely hazardous substance in the United States as defined in Section 302 of the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (42 U.S.C. 11002), and is subject to strict reporting requirements by facilities which produce, store, or use it in significant quantities.