orexin
Sign in to saveAlso known as HCRT, NRCLP1, OX, PPOX, hypocretin (orexin) neuropeptide precursor, hypocretin neuropeptide precursor
Orexin (), also known as hypocretin, is a neuropeptide that regulates arousal, wakefulness, and appetite. It exists in the forms of orexin-A and orexin-B. The most common form of narcolepsy, type 1, in which the individual experiences brief losses of muscle tone ("drop attacks" or cataplexy), is caused by a lack of orexin in the brain due to destruction of the cells that produce it.
Key facts
- Protein family.Symbol
- Orexin
- Protein family.Name
- Prepro-orexin
- Protein family.Pfam
- PF02072
- Protein family.InterPro
- IPR001704
- Protein family.SCOP
- 1cq0
- Protein family.OPM protein
- 1wso
via Wikipedia infobox
Wikidata facts
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- Commons category
- Orexin
Sources (2)
via Wikidata · CC0
~18 min read
Article
19 sectionsContents
- Discovery
- Isoforms
- Function
- Brown fat activation
- Wakefulness
- Food intake
- Addiction
- Lipid metabolism
- Mood
- Orexin neurons
- Neurotransmitters
- Orexin system dysfunction
- Takotsubo syndrome
- ESSENCE
- Clinical uses
- Other potential uses
- Evolution
- References
- External links
Orexin (), also known as hypocretin, is a neuropeptide that regulates arousal, wakefulness, and appetite. It exists in the forms of orexin-A and orexin-B. The most common form of narcolepsy, type 1, in which the individual experiences brief losses of muscle tone ("drop attacks" or cataplexy), is caused by a lack of orexin in the brain due to destruction of the cells that produce it.
There are 50,000–80,000 orexin-producing neurons in the human brain, located predominantly in the perifornical area and lateral hypothalamus. They project widely throughout the central nervous system, regulating wakefulness, feeding, and other behaviours. There are two types of orexin peptide and two types of orexin receptor.