اس‌تی‌اس-۱

STS-1 (Space Transportation System-1) was the first orbital spaceflight of NASA's Space Shuttle program. The first orbiter, Columbia, launched on April 12, 1981, and returned on April 14, 1981, 54.5 hours later, having orbited the Earth 37 times. Columbia carried a crew of two—commander John W. Young and pilot Robert L. Crippen. It was the first American crewed space flight since the Apollo–Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) in 1975. STS-1 was also the maiden test flight of a new American spacecraft to carry a crew, though it was preceded by atmospheric testing (ALT) of the orbiter and ground testing o

Key facts

Spaceflight.apsis: gee
Spaceflight.name: STS-1
Spaceflight.names_list: Space Transportation System-1
Spaceflight.image: Space Shuttle Columbia launching.jpg
Spaceflight.image_caption: STS-1 lifts off from the Kennedy Space Center on April 12, 1981, the first orbital launch of the Space Shuttle program.
Spaceflight.mission_type: Flight test
Spaceflight.operator: NASA
Spaceflight.orbits_completed: 36
Spaceflight.launch_date: UTC (07:00:04amEST)
Spaceflight.launch_site: Kennedy, LC-39A
Spaceflight.launch_contractor: Rockwell International
Spaceflight.crew_size: 2
Spaceflight.landing_date: UTC (10:20:57amPST)
Spaceflight.landing_site: Edwards, Runway23
Spaceflight.orbit_reference: Geocentric orbit
Spaceflight.orbit_regime: Low Earth orbit
Spaceflight.orbit_inclination: 40.30°
Spaceflight.orbit_period: 89.88 minutes