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addiction

Also known as dependence, habit

Addiction is a neuropsychological disorder characterized by a persistent and intense urge to use a drug or engage in a behavior that produces an immediate psychological reward, despite substantial harm and other negative consequences. Repetitive drug use can alter brain function in synapses similar to natural rewards like food or falling in love in ways that perpetuate craving and weakens self-control for people with pre-existing vulnerabilities. This phenomenon – drugs reshaping brain function – has led to an understanding of addiction as a brain disorder with a complex variety of psychosocia

AI overview

Addiction is a condition where someone has a persistent, intense urge to use a drug or engage in a behavior that gives immediate psychological reward, even when it causes substantial harm and negative consequences. It matters because repeated use can alter how the brain functions in ways similar to natural rewards, making cravings stronger and self-control weaker, especially for people with certain vulnerabilities.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

In the Vinony graph

Vinony's link graph records 1,595 inbound references to addiction, and connects out to reinforcement, mesolimbic pathway and drug liberalization.

Vinony files it under Addiction, Behavioral addiction and Brain disorders.

Vinony links it to 105 Wikipedia language editions.

Key facts

Medical condition.name: Addiction
Medical condition.image: Brain metabolism and drug addiction.jpg
Medical condition.caption: Brain positron emission tomography images that compare brain metabolism in a healthy individual and an individual with a cocaine addiction
Medical condition.alt: PET images showing brain metabolism in drug addicts vs controls
Medical condition.field: Psychiatry, clinical psychology, toxicology, addiction medicine
Medical condition.symptoms: Recurring compulsion to engage in rewarding activity despite negative consequences
Medical condition.complications: Suicide, overdose (if drugs), depression, coma
Medical condition.risks: Family history, adverse childhood experiences, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Medical condition.treatment: Cognitive behavioral therapy, behavior modification, medication

via Wikipedia infobox

Wikidata facts

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P8168: Helena Dam á Neystabø

Sources (5)

via Wikidata · CC0

~64 min read

Encyclopedic overview

70 sections

Contents

Signs and symptoms
Substance use disorder
Food addiction
Behavioral addiction
Causes
Personality theories
Neuropsychology
Stimulus control of behavior
Cognitive control of behavior
Evolutionary perspectives
Risk factors
Genetic factors
Stress and Addiction
Environmental factors
Social control theory
Age
Prefrontal Cortex Maturation and Addiction Risk
Comorbid disorders
Epigenetic
Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance
Mechanisms
Reward system
Mesocorticolimbic pathway
Role of dopamine and glutamate
Neuroepigenetic mechanisms
Diagnosis
Classification
DSM-5
ICD-11
Screening and assessment
Addictions Neuroclinical Assessment
Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medication, and Other Substance Use (TAPS)
CRAFFT
Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-10)
Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Test (ASSIST)
Prevention
Abuse liability
Potential vaccines for addiction to substances
Treatment
Epidemiology
Asia
Australia
Europe
United States
Canada
South America
Etymology
The suffixes "-holic" and "-holism"
History
Addiction and art
As therapy
As an assessment tool
Advocacy
Social scientific models
Biopsychosocial Model
Biological Factors
Psychological Factors
Social and Environmental Factors
Cultural model
Subcultural model
Critical medical anthropology model
Social learning models
Social learning theory
Transtheoretical model (stages of change model)
See also
Endnotes
Notes
References
Further reading
External links

Classic signs of addiction include compulsive engagement in rewarding stimuli, preoccupation with substances or behavior, and continued use despite negative consequences. Habits and patterns associated with addiction are typically characterized by immediate gratification (short-term reward), coupled with delayed deleterious effects (long-term costs).

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “addiction” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.