chloroform

Also known as Terchloride of formyle, trichloromethane, methane trichloride, methylidyne trichloride, trichloroform, trichloromethyl radical, methenyl chloride, formyl trichloride

Chloroform, or trichloromethane (often abbreviated as TCM), is an organochloride with the formula and a common solvent. It is a volatile, colorless, sweet-smelling, dense liquid produced on a large scale as a precursor to refrigerants and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Chloroform was once used as an inhalational anesthetic between the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century. It is miscible with many solvents but it is only very slightly soluble in water (only 8 g/L at 20°C).

AI overview

Chloroform is a colorless, sweet-smelling liquid chemical that was historically used as an anesthetic in surgery during the 1800s and early 1900s, but today is primarily produced as a precursor ingredient for making refrigerants and non-stick coatings like PTFE. It remains industrially important because it dissolves easily in many other substances, making it useful as a solvent in chemical manufacturing.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Chemical data

Formula: CHCl3
Molecular weight: 119.37 g/mol
IUPAC name: chloroform
SMILES: C(Cl)(Cl)Cl
InChIKey: HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
XLogP: 2.3
Polar surface area: 0 Å²
H-bond donors: 0
H-bond acceptors: 0
Formal charge: 0

via PubChem

Research

30,111 papers

Chloroform.ReviewIARC monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans · 1979
Chloroform anesthesia.Anesthesia and analgesia · 1973Lieberman SL
Chloroform.Report on carcinogens : carcinogen profiles · 2011National Toxicology Program
Noteworthy Chemistry of Chloroform.ReviewJournal of anesthesia history · 2016Alston TADOI: 10.1016/j.janh.2016.04.008
Chloroform.Anesthesiology · 1947FEATHERSTONE HWDOI: 10.1097/00000542-194707000-00004
Chloroform exposure in air and water in Swedish indoor swimming pools-urine as a biomarker of occupational exposure.Annals of work exposures and health · 2023Ragnebro O, Helmersmo K, Fornander L et al.DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxad035
Chloroform.Report on carcinogens : carcinogen profiles · 2004
Chloroform parties.JAMA · 1973Storms WW

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Mass: 117.914
Image: Chloroform by Danny S. - 002.JPG

Show 19 more facts

standard enthalpy of formation: -131.8
melting point: -64
ionization energy: 11.42
Commons category: Chloroform
chemical formula: CHCl₃
ceiling exposure limit: 240
short-term exposure limit: 9.78
NIOSH Pocket Guide ID: 0127
density: 1.48
speed of sound: 987
immediately dangerous to life or health: 2440
boiling point: 61.17
vapor pressure: 160
solubility: 0.5
partition coefficient water/octanol: 1.97
canonical SMILES: C(Cl)(Cl)Cl
MCN code: 2903.13.00
global warming potential: 20
electric dipole moment: 1.04

Sources (7)

via Wikidata · CC0

~20 min read

Article

23 sections

Contents

Structure and name
Natural occurrence
History
Production
Deuterochloroform
Inadvertent formation of chloroform
Uses
Solvent
Refrigerant
Lewis acid
Reagent
Anaesthetic
Recreational use
Criminal use
Safety
Exposure
Pharmacology
Conversion to phosgene
Regulation
Bioremediation of chloroform
Gallery
References
External links

==Structure and name== The molecule adopts a tetrahedral molecular geometry with C3v symmetry. The chloroform molecule can be viewed as a methane molecule with three hydrogen atoms replaced with three chlorine atoms, leaving a single hydrogen atom.