Dendrobatidae
Also known as poison dart frog family
family of amphibians
AI overview
Dendrobatidae is a family of small, colorful amphibians found primarily in Central and South America, commonly known as poison dart frogs. These frogs are notable for their bright warning colors and toxic skin secretions, which have made them subjects of scientific study and popular interest in both natural history and medicine.
AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.
Species
Dendrobatidae
FAMILY
- KingdomAnimalia
- PhylumChordata
- ClassAmphibia
- OrderAnura
- FamilyDendrobatidae
屬 Ameerega 彩胸毒蛙屬 Colostethus 地箭毒蛙屬 Epipedobates 火箭毒蛙属 Silverstoneia Hyloxalus Adelphobates 箭毒蛙屬 Dendrobates 侏毒蛙屬 Minyobates Oophaga 葉毒蛙屬 Phyllobates Ranitomeya 香毒蛙属 Aromobates 箭毒蛙，即箭毒蛙科（Dendrobatidae），又名樹棘蛙科或叢蛙科，是細小及白天活動的青蛙。牠們是中美洲及南美洲的原住民，而當地部族將牠們身上的毒素塗在箭上，故得此名。此科下有超過175個物種，但只有55种具有毒性，且只有3種的毒素被当地居民用以狩猎。毒素的來源是捕食當地的某種螞蟻和蝨子轉化而來，所以人工馴養會變得沒有毒性，購買觀賞蛙時應該避免野生捕獲的劇毒個體。此科下身體最多色彩的是箭毒蛙屬，而毒素最劇烈的是葉毒蛙屬的金色箭毒蛙。 目录 1 特徵 2 飼養 3 顏色形態 4 保育現況 5 參考 特徵 大部份箭毒蛙都有耀眼的皮膚顏色，是對掠食者的一種警號。牠們非常細小，約長1-6厘米，不同物種、年齡及性別均有所不同。牠們大部份都生活在潮濕的熱帶環境（熱帶雨林）。 飼養 金色箭毒蛙 雖然缺乏科學研究，但箭毒蛙的壽命估計野生的是3-15年，而飼養的可達20年。飼養的箭毒蛙一般都是沒有毒的。大部份物種在約1.5-2.5歲就會達至性成熟。 箭毒蛙可一年繁殖3、4次，一次能產下6至10顆卵，由於箭毒蛙親代照護的行為，會將卵背在背上移動至靠近水源的棲地安置，因此大大提升了孵化的機率。 要確定箭毒蛙的性別，可以透過其行為來觀察。成熟的雄蛙在吃飽或大雨後會為交配而叫喊。幼蛙的性別可以從背部來觀察。雄性的背部一般都是向下斜而不起折，雌性的背部較圓但有較大的折。另外可以從牠們的腳趾來確定性別。一些雌性箭毒蛙屬的腳趾較窄，而雄性的較闊。一些物種的成熟雄性在頸上會有一灰帶，這正是發出交配叫喊的部位。 所有箭毒蛙都是源自熱帶的。大部份飼養的物種在濕度80-100%、日間溫度22-27℃及晚間溫度不低於16-18℃會發展得很繁盛。當中一些物種能抵受較低的溫度。 顏色形態 生活於委內瑞拉、圭亞那及巴西的黃帶箭毒蛙。 一些箭毒蛙物種有大量的亞種形態。不同形態有不同顏色及生活在不同的地方。例如花箭毒蛙就最少有12個形態。過往曾將不同的形態看作為不同的物種，但現時仍未有清晰箭毒蛙的分類。例如天藍叢蛙可能是花箭毒蛙的一個形態，而非一個獨立的物種。 保育現況 箭毒蛙各種的保育狀況不一，像LC無危的草莓箭毒蛙，EN瀕危的金色箭毒蛙和三色箭毒蛙9，CR極危的紅帶箭毒蛙。(根據IUCN紅色名錄) 參考 Weird Animals - Strange But True Facts. [2008-01-23]. Darrel Frost and The Am
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Wikidata facts
Article
The poison dart frog (also known as the dart-poison frog, the poison frog or formerly known as the poison arrow frog) is the common name of a group of frogs in the family Dendrobatidae which are native to tropical Central and South America. These species are diurnal and often have brightly colored bodies. This bright coloration is correlated with the toxicity of the species, making them aposematic. Some species of the family Dendrobatidae exhibit extremely bright coloration along with high toxicity — a feature derived from their diet of ants, mites and termites— while species which eat a much larger variety of prey have cryptic coloration with minimal to no amount of observed toxicity. Many species of this family are threatened due to human infrastructure encroaching on their habitats.
These amphibians are often called "dart frogs" due to the aboriginal South Americans' use of their toxic secretions to poison the tips of blowdarts. However, out of over 170 species, only four have been documented as being used for this purpose (curare plants are more commonly used for aboriginal South American darts) all of which come from the genus Phyllobates, which is characterized by the relatively large size and high levels of toxicity of its members.