MMP2

Also known as CLG4, CLG4A, MMP-2, MMP-II, MONA, TBE-1, matrix metallopeptidase 2, Matrix metallopeptidase 2

72 kDa type IV collagenase also known as matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and gelatinase A is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MMP2 gene. The MMP2 gene is located on chromosome 16 at position 12.2.

Gene data

MMP2

Name: matrix metallopeptidase 2
Type: protein-coding
Position: 55,389,700–55,506,691 (+)
Aliases: CLG4, CLG4A, MMP-2, MMP-II, MONA, TBE-1
Ensembl: ENSG00000087245
RefSeq RNA: NM_001127891.3, NM_001302508.1, NM_001302509.2, NM_001302510.2, NM_004530.6
RefSeq protein: NP_001121363.1, NP_001289437.1, NP_001289438.1, NP_001289439.1, NP_004521.1

This gene is a member of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) gene family, that are zinc-dependent enzymes capable of cleaving components of the extracellular matrix and molecules involved in signal transduction. The protein encoded by this gene is a gelatinase A, type IV collagenase, that contains three fibronectin type II repeats in its catalytic site that allow binding of denatured type IV and V collagen and elastin. Unlike most MMP family members, activation of this protein can occur on the cell membrane. This enzyme can be activated extracellularly by proteases, or, intracellulary by its S-glutathiolation with no requirement for proteolytical removal of the pro-domain. This protein is thought to be involved in multiple pathways including roles in the nervous system, endometrial menstrual breakdown, regulation of vascularization, and metastasis. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Winchester syndrome and Nodulosis-Arthropathy-Osteolysis (NAO) syndrome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2014].

Article

12 sections

Contents

Function
Activation
Clinical significance
Role of MMP-2 in chronic disease
Role in cancer cell invasion
Role in cell signaling
Role in neovascularization and lymphangiogenesis
Inhibition of MMP-2 as cancer therapy
Interactions
References
Further reading
External links

== Function == Proteins of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family are involved in the breakdown of extracellular matrix (ECM) in normal physiological processes, such as embryonic development, reproduction, and tissue remodeling, as well as in disease processes, such as arthritis and metastasis. Most MMP's are secreted as inactive proproteins which are activated when cleaved by extracellular proteinases. This gene encodes an enzyme which degrades type IV collagen, the major structural component of basement membranes. The enzyme plays a role in endometrial menstrual breakdown, regulation of vascularization and the inflammatory response.