Mystrium
Mystrium is a rare genus of ants in the subfamily Amblyoponinae. First described by Roger (1862) with the description of the queen of M. mysticum, the genus contains 14 species, all of which occur in the rainforests of the Old World with over half of the species endemic to the Malagasy region.
Species
KINGDOM
- KingdomAnimalia
Observations19
The genus Mystrium Roger is morphologically very peculiar within the poneromorph subfamily group and has the following combination of characteristics: the very wide head; spatulate or squamate hairs on the head; and long, narrow mandibles with a double row of teeth on the inner margins. Monophyly of the genus is strongly supported by a recent molecular phylogenetic study (Saux et al. 2004). Besides their bizarre morphology Mystrium ants have also evolved some unique biological traits. They have a unique defense mechanism in which they snap their mandibles to generate a powerful strike (Gronenberg et al. 1998; Moffett 1986). Molet et al. (2006) demonstrated that, in some species of Mystrium known from Madagascar, normal queens are replaced by wingless reproductives which are smaller than workers. Because Mystrium are rarely encountered, information on their general biology, ecology and behavior remains sparse. They are presumably predaceous like other species of the subfamily Amblyoponinae , although no direct evidence is available (Brown 1960). The genus was erected by Roger (1862) with the description of the queen of M. mysticum . There are few species, all of which occur in the r
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Article
8 sectionsContents
- Distribution
- Taxonomic history
- Description
- Mandible snap
- Biology
- Species
- References
- External links
Mystrium is a rare genus of ants in the subfamily Amblyoponinae. First described by Roger (1862) with the description of the queen of M. mysticum, the genus contains 14 species, all of which occur in the rainforests of the Old World with over half of the species endemic to the Malagasy region.
==Distribution== All species occur in the rainforests of the Old World, with most found in tropical Africa: ten of them are restricted to Madagascar (and its adjacent islands) and one is recorded from continental Africa (M. silvestrii). M. camillae is widespread in the Indo-Australian region, and M. leonie and M. maren are known from Indonesia.