English

English Bahasa Indonesia Deutsch Español Français Italiano Nederlands Polski Português Svenska Tiếng Việt Türkçe Русский العربية فارسی ไทย 한국어 中文日本語

File:Summary_of_the_protein_biosynthesis_process.png · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons

EntityQ211935· pop 62· linked from 860 articles

protein biosynthesis

Also known as protein synthesis, protein formation, protein biosynthetic process, protein anabolism, GO:0006412, translation, protein translation

cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA or circRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain

AI overview

Protein biosynthesis is the process by which cells build proteins by reading the genetic instructions contained in messenger molecules called mRNA or circRNA and arranging amino acids in the correct order to form protein chains. This process matters because proteins are essential molecules that perform countless functions in living organisms, from providing structure to enabling chemical reactions that keep cells alive.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Research

577,791 papers

Mechanism of protein biosynthesis.ReviewBacteriological reviews · 1969Lengyel P, Söll DDOI: 10.1128/br.33.2.264-301.1969
Protein biosynthesis.ReviewBioprocess technology · 1990Wolfe RA, Stein S
Towards a thorough understanding of mammalian glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein biosynthesis.ReviewGlycobiology · 2024Kinoshita TDOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwae061
Protein biosynthesis.Annual review of biochemistry · 1960COHEN GN, GROS FDOI: 10.1146/annurev.bi.29.070160.002521
Protein biosynthesis.Annual review of biochemistry · 1962SIMPSON MVDOI: 10.1146/annurev.bi.31.070162.002001
Protein biosynthesis.Annual review of biochemistry · 1959SIMKIN JLDOI: 10.1146/annurev.bi.28.070159.001045
Protein biosynthesis at the ER: finding the right accessories.Molecular biology of the cell · 2023Shao SDOI: 10.1091/mbc.E21-09-0451
Mechanism of protein biosynthesis.ReviewBritish medical bulletin · 1965Arnstein HRDOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a070399

via PubMed

~26 min read

Encyclopedic overview

Protein biosynthesis starting with transcription and post-transcriptional modifications in the nucleus. Then the mature mRNA is exported to the cytoplasm where it is translated. The polypeptide chain then folds and is post-translationally modified.

Protein biosynthesis, or protein synthesis, is a core biological process, occurring inside cells, balancing the loss of cellular proteins (via degradation or export) through the production of fresh proteins. Proteins perform a number of critical functions as enzymes, structural proteins or hormones. Protein synthesis is a very similar process for both prokaryotes and eukaryotes but there are some distinct differences.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “protein biosynthesis” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.