Recipients of Franklin Medal

Albert Einstein was a German-born theoretical physicist best known for developing the theory of relativity. Einstein also made important contributions to quantum theory. His mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc2, which arises from special relativity, has been called "the world's most famous equation". He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for "his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect".

American inventor and businessman (1847–1931)

Stephen William Hawking was an English theoretical astrophysicist, cosmologist, and author who was director of research at the Centre for Theoretical Cosmology at the University of Cambridge. Between 1979 and 2009, he was the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge, widely viewed as one of the most prestigious academic posts in the world.

Danish physicist (1885–1962)

German theoretical physicist (1858–1947)

New Zealand physicist (1871–1937)

Italian–American physicist (1901–1954)

Italian inventor and radio pioneer (1874-1937)

British physicist (1856-1940)

American aviation pioneers

Dutch physicist (1853–1928)

Indian physicist (1888–1970)

American physicist (1852–1931)

American astronomer (1889–1953)

American physicist (1868–1953)

physicist, Nobel prize winner (1900–1958)

Swedish astronomer, chemist and physicist (1859–1927)

Dutch physicist (1865–1943)

British scientist (1862–1942)

German physicist (1862-1947)

English physicist (1891-1974), who discovered the neutron in 1932

Hungarian-American physicist and mathematician (1902–1995)

American physicist and engineer (1908–1991)

German-American nuclear physicist

American computer scientist and mathematician (born 1938)

American physicist (1929–2019)

Soviet physicist

Dutch physicist, Nobel prize winner (1853-1926)

Scottish physicist and meteorologist (1869-1959)

American physicist (1892–1962)

Swedish electrical engineer, plasma physicist and science fiction author (1908–1995), winner of the 1970 Nobel Prize for Physics

German physical chemist and physicist (1864–1941)

Polish-born, French and American mathematician (1924–2010)

American chemist (1912–1999)

Dutch-American physicist and physical chemist (1884–1966)

Dutch theoretical physicist

American physical chemist

American chemist and physicist (1881–1957)

French chemist (1854–1941)

Nobel prize winning US physicist

American physicist (1918–1998)

Swedish chemist (1884-1971)

Swedish biochemist and Nobel Prize laureate in Chemistry

American biochemist and virologist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1946)

United States chemist (1868–1928)

American chemist (1943–2005)

American biochemist

American physicist (1911-2008)

British mathematician and astronomer (1877 – 1946)

English chemist (1886-1975)

American biochemist and geneticist (1927-2010)

molecular geneticist and Nobel laureate

Scottish chemist and physicist (1842–1923)

American chemist

Argentine biochemist (1927–2002)

Belgium American inventor (1863-1944)

American astronomer (1885-1972)

American astronomer (1877–1957)

Hungarian-American mathematician, aerospace engineer and physicist (1881–1963)

German-born American inventor (1851–1929)