psilocin

Psilocin, also known as '4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (4-HO-DMT'), is a psychedelic drug and fungal alkaloid of the tryptamine and 4-hydroxytryptamine families. Along with its phosphate ester psilocybin, it is found in most species of psilocybin-containing mushrooms, such as Psilocybe cubensis and Psilocybe mexicana, and is the compound responsible for their hallucinogenic effects, although concentrations of psilocin are variably lower than those of psilocybin. The drug is taken orally and its effects include perceptual changes and visual effects, emotional changes, ego dissolution, time dilation, and mystical experiences, among others. Psilocybin, as well as synthetic acyl esters such as 4-AcO-DMT (psilacetin; O-acetylpsilocin) and 4-PrO-DMT (O-propionylpsilocin), are prodrugs of psilocin and have similar properties and effects.

Psilocin acts as a non-selective serotonin receptor agonist, including of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor among others. The drug produces its hallucinogenic effects specifically via activation of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. However, other serotonin receptors, such as the serotonin 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C receptors, may also contribute to its effects. Notable analogues of psilocin include dimethyltryptamine (DMT), its positional isomer bufotenin (5-HO-DMT), its higher homologue 4-HO-MET (metocin), and others.