ERVFRD-1

Also known as ERVFRDE1, GLLL6191, HERV-FRD, HERV-W/FRD, UNQ6191, envFRD, endogenous retrovirus group FRD member 1, endogenous retrovirus group FRD member 1, envelope

Syncytin-2 also known as endogenous retrovirus group FRD member 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by ERVFRD-1 gene. It is a member of the HERV-FRD family of endogenous retroviral elements. The human ERVFRD-1 gene is located on chromosome 6. Both Syncytin-2 and Syncytin-1 are encoded by ENV genes and were first identified in a human placenta. Specifically, Syncytin-2 was observed in the cytoplasmic membrane of primary trophoblast cells in the placenta.

Gene data

ERVFRD-1

Name: endogenous retrovirus group FRD member 1, envelope
Type: protein-coding
Aliases: ERVFRDE1, GLLL6191, HERV-FRD, HERV-W/FRD, UNQ6191, envFRD

Many different human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) families are expressed in normal placental tissue at high levels, suggesting that HERVs are functionally important in reproduction. This gene is part of a human endogenous retrovirus provirus on chromosome 6 that has inactivating mutations in the gag and pol genes. This gene is the envelope glycoprotein gene which appears to have been selectively preserved. The gene's protein product plays a major role in placental development and trophoblast fusion. The protein has the characteristics of a typical retroviral envelope protein, including a cleavage site that separates the surface (SU) and transmembrane (TM) proteins which form a heterodimer. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2012].

via MyGene.info

Wikidata facts

Image: Protein HERV-FRD PDB 1y4m.png

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~6 min read

Article

6 sections

Contents

Structure
Function
Clinical significance
Evolution
References
Further reading

The receptor for this fusogenic env protein is ASCT-2 and the transporter is MFSD-2. In studies conducted that observed the protein interactions with this receptor, it was additionally found that Syncytin-2 signals were detected at the membrane. This is a place of cell-to-cell contact where this protein can interact with its receptor, in order to be able to induce fusion.