C-C motif chemokine ligand 4
Also known as C-C motif chemokine 4-like, C-C motif chemokine 4, CC chemokine ligand 4L1, Monocyte adherence-induced protein 5-alpha, Small-inducible cytokine A4, SIS-gamma, Small-inducible cytokine A4-like, MIP-1-beta
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligands 4 (also CCL4), previously known as macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP-1β), is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CCL4 gene. CCL4 belongs to a cluster of genes located on 17q11-q21 of the chromosomal region. Identification and localization of the gene on the chromosome 17 was in 1990 although the discovery of MIP-1 was initiated in 1988 with the purification of a protein doublet corresponding to inflammatory activity from supernatant of endotoxin-stimulated murine macrophages. At that time, it was also named as "macrophage inflammatory protein-1" (MIP-1)
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8 sectionsContents
- Genomics
- Molecular structure
- Function
- Interactions
- See also
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Chemokine (C-C motif) ligands 4 (also CCL4), previously known as macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP-1β), is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CCL4 gene. CCL4 belongs to a cluster of genes located on 17q11-q21 of the chromosomal region. Identification and localization of the gene on the chromosome 17 was in 1990 although the discovery of MIP-1 was initiated in 1988 with the purification of a protein doublet corresponding to inflammatory activity from supernatant of endotoxin-stimulated murine macrophages. At that time, it was also named as "macrophage inflammatory protein-1" (MIP-1) due to its inflammatory properties.
CCL4 is a small cytokine that belongs to the CC chemokine subfamily. CCL4 is being secreted under mitogenic signals and antigens and hereby acts as a chemoattractant for natural killer cells, monocytes and various other immune cells in the site of inflamed or damaged tissue.